Casting is the process of converting a value between types. All C++-style casts are of the form cast type<type>(value), where type is the type you’re
casting to. The possible cast types to replace cast type with are:
static cast : This is by far the most commonly used cast. It creates a simple copy
of the value of the specified type. Example:
static cast<float>(x)
where x is an int, gives a float copy of x.
dynamic_cast can only be used with pointers and references to classes (or with void*). Its purpose is to ensure that the result of the type conversion points to a valid complete object of the destination pointer type.dynamic cast can also be used with references: if v is a Vehicle & variable, dynamic cast
<Car &>(v) will return a valid reference if v is actually a reference to a Car, and will
throw a bad cast exception otherwise.
reinterpret cast :Does no conversion; just treats the memory containing value as
though it were of type type.const cast: Used for changing const modifiers of a value. You can use this to tell the
compiler that you really do know what you’re doing and should be allowed to modify
a const variable. You could also use it to add a const modifier to an object so you can
force use of the const version of a member function.